Justia Federal District Court Opinions

Citation	Date	Circuit	Parties
359 F.3d 1	Feb 10, 2004	First	Nydia Estades-negroni, Plaintiff, Appellant, v. the Associates Corporation of North America, Associates Financial Services, Associates First Capital Corporation, Associates Corporation of Puerto Rico, Inc., Defendants, Appellees
359 F.3d 3	Jan 08, 2004	First	United States of America, Appellee, v. Patrick V., Defendant, Appellant
359 F.3d 14	Jan 06, 2004	First	Maine State Building and Construction Trades Council, Afl-cio; Building and Construction Trades Department, Afl-cio, Plaintiffs, Appellants, v. United States Department of Labor; Elaine L. Chao, in Her Official Capacity As Secretary of Labor; United States Attorney General; United States Department of Justice; Commissioner, Immigration and Naturalization Service, Defendants, Appellees
359 F.3d 19	Feb 02, 2004	First	Jose Teodoro Navarro-chalan, Petitioner, v. John Ashcroft, Attorney General, Respondent
359 F.3d 24	Dec 04, 2003	First	Bernard Flowers, Plaintiff, Appellant, v. Officer Darren Fiore, Officer Lawrence Silvestri, Officer Michael Garafola, and the Town of Westerly, Rhode Island, Defendants, Appellees
359 F.3d 36	Feb 05, 2004	First	E.c. Waste, Inc. D/b/a Waste Management of Puerto Rico, Petitioner, Cross-respondent, v. National Labor Relations Board, Respondent, Cross-petitioner
359 F.3d 45	Dec 02, 2003	First	Aldo Salazar, Carmen Rodriguez Salazar, Petitioners, v. John Ashcroft, Attorney General, Respondent
359 F.3d 53	Jan 07, 2004	First	Sibley P. Reppert and Christine Vezetinski, Plaintiffs, Appellants, v. Marvin Lumber and Cedar Co., Inc., Defendant, Appellee
359 F.3d 59	Dec 15, 2003	First	Nerlande Jean Laurent, Petitioner, v. John Ashcroft, Attorney General, Respondent
359 F.3d 66	Oct 10, 2003	First	United States of America, Appellee, v. Robert Robinson, Defendant, Appellant
359 F.3d 71	Sep 11, 2003	First	United States of America, Appellant, v. Lawrence F. Maguire, Defendant, Appellee
359 F.3d 79	Jan 27, 2004	Second	Alice Clissuras and Patricia Clissuras, Plaintiffs Appellants, v. City University of New York, Teachers' Retirement System of the City of New York, Professional Staff Congress-cuny, Psc-cuny Welfare Fund, Defendants-appellees,all Causally Responsible Individuals of Aforesaid Four Agencies, All Potentially Responsible Agencies, All Causally Responsible Individuals of Said Potentially Responsible Agencies, Defendants
359 F.3d 83	Feb 05, 2003	Second	United States of America, Norma Colon, Plaintiffs-appellants,maria E. Gonzalez, Tammy Auer, Theresa Caldwell-benjamin, Intervenors-plaintiffs-appellants, v. City of New York, New York City Housing Authority, Jason Turner, Individually and in His Capacity As Commissioner of the New York City Human Resources Administration, George Santiago, in His Individual Capacity, Defendants-appellees
359 F.3d 110	Oct 27, 2003	Second	United States of America, Appellee, v. Judith Monzon, Also Known As Miti, Defendant-appellant
359 F.3d 121	Nov 14, 2003	Second	Tian-yong Chen, A.k.a. Tian Yong Chen, Petitioner, v. United States Immigration and Naturalization Service, Respondent
359 F.3d 132	Nov 25, 2003	Second	Frank Payne, Martha Payne, Plaintiffs-appellants, v. United States of America, Defendant-appellee
359 F.3d 139	Nov 18, 2003	Second	Cecil Simon, A.k.a. Cecil Jackson, Petitioner-appellant, v. United States of America, Respondent-appellee
359 F.3d 145	Dec 03, 2003	Second	Louis Evangelista, Petitioner-appellant, v. John Ashcroft, Attorney General of the United States; James Ziglar, Commissioner of the Immigration & Naturalization Service; United States Immigration and Naturalization Service, Respondents-appellees
359 F.3d 156	Jan 09, 2004	Second	Riverkeeper, Inc., Petitioner, v. Samuel J. Collins, Director, Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation, Dr. William Travers, United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Entergy Nuclear Indian Point 2, Llc, Entergy Nuclear Indian Point 3, Llc, and Entergy Nuclear Operations, Inc., Respondents
359 F.3d 171	Nov 03, 2003	Second	Bank of China, New York Branch, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Nbm Llc, Yang Mei Corp., Geg International Inc., Boc Company, Non-ferrous Bm Corporation, Shumin Wang, John Chou, Dao Zhong Liu, Cbl Ltd. A/k/a Cbl Investment Company Grand Cayman, and Century Ltd., Defendants-counter-claimants-appellants,rchfins, Inc., Defendant-appellant,sherry Liu, A/k/a Sherry Ping Liu, Defendant-third-party-plaintiff-appellant,bank of China, Hong Kong Branch, A/k/a Bank of China (hong Kong) Limited, Kwangtung Provincial Bank, Bank of China, Tokyo Branch, Bank of China, Cayman Islands Branch, Po Sang Bank Ltd., Bank of China, Third-party-defendants,c.h.g. Enterprises, Inc., National Budget Merchandise Inc., Sino-place Alliance, Inc., Bhk Llc, Minkang Gu, Linda Xiao, Helen Zhou, Patrick Young, John and Jane Does 1-200, Sinco Trust Ltd., A/k/a Synco Trust, Ifb Inter Establishment, Sunleaf, Inc., Beda A. Singerberger, Defendants,hui Liu, Defendant-counter-claimant
359 F.3d 183	Sep 05, 2003	Second	United States of America, Appellant, v. Jose Armando Leiva-deras, Defendant-appellee
359 F.3d 194	Sep 20, 2002	Third	United States of America v. Robert W. Lee, Sr., Appellant
359 F.3d 226	Sep 03, 2003	Third	Prudential Insurance Company of America; Pic Realty Corp; 745 Property Inv v. United States Gypsum Company; W.r. Grace & Company; the Celotex Corporation; United States Mineral Products Company; Keene Corporation; Pfizer, Inc.; Asbestospray Corporation; John Doe Companies, Fictitious Names for Presently Unidentified Entities (district of New Jersey Civil No. 87-cv-4227)the Prudential Insurance Company v. National Gypsum Company (district of New Jersey Civil No. 87-cv-4238)the Prudential Insurance Company of America, Pic Realty Corporation and 745 Property Investments, Appellants
359 F.3d 239	Oct 16, 2003	Third	Xin Jie Xie, Petitioner v. John Ashcroft, Attorney General of the United States, Respondent
359 F.3d 247	Oct 30, 2003	Third	United States of America v. Richard Plotts, Appellant
359 F.3d 251	Nov 18, 2003	Third	Michael Mele, Appellant v. Federal Reserve Bank of New York
359 F.3d 257	Jan 12, 2004	Third	Robert Douglas, Appellant v. Martin Horn, Commissioner, Pennsylvania Department of Corrections; Donald Vaughn, Superintendent of the State Correctional Institution at Graterford
359 F.3d 263	Jan 12, 2004	Third	Joseph S. Cochran; Brenda S. Cochran, Appellants v. Ann Veneman, Secretary, U.S. Department of Agriculture; National Dairy Promotion Board Appellees Andfred Lovell; Lee Greenwalt; Jackie Root; Earnest Norman; Stephen Mashall; Cecil Moyer; James Vanblarcom Intervenors-appellees
359 F.3d 281	Jan 26, 2004	Third	United States of America v. Elliot Cartwright A/k/a Daryl Atkins Elliot Cartwright Appellant
359 F.3d 292	Jan 27, 2004	Third	Christian Bouriez; Montanelle Beheer B. v. , Appellants, v. Carnegie Mellon University
359 F.3d 296	Jan 13, 2004	Third	Robert R. Monaco, Appellant v. American General Assurance Company, an Illinois Corporation; American General Corporation, a Texas Corporation; William Leary; John Doe; Richard Roe
359 F.3d 310	Feb 25, 2004	Third	Ronald Rompilla v. Martin Horn, Commissioner, Pennsylvania Department of Corrections Martin Horn, Appellant/cross-appellee
359 F.3d 312	Dec 08, 2003	Third	Government of the Virgin Islands v. Selvin Hodge, Appellant.government of the Virgin Islands v. Ottice Bryan, Appellant.government of the Virgin Islands v. Kirsten Greenaway, Appellant.government of the Virgin Islands v. Eladio Camacho, Appellant
359 F.3d 330	Dec 03, 2003	Fourth	Kulthoum A. Mereish, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Robert M. Walker, Acting Secretary of the Army, Defendant-appellee.ayaad Assaad, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Louis Caldera, Secretary of the Army, Defendant-appellee.richard D. Crosland, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Louis Caldera, Secretary of the Army, Defendant-appellee
359 F.3d 340	Oct 31, 2003	Fourth	United States of America, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Christopher Walters, Defendant-appellee.united States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Deon Montieal Crudup, Defendant-appellant.united States of America, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Deandre Avion Davis, Defendant-appellee
359 F.3d 347	Jan 23, 2004	Fourth	United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Terry B. Pressley, A/k/a Big Troop, A/k/a Troop, Defendant-appellant
359 F.3d 352	Oct 28, 2003	Fourth	Gay M. Pfister, Petitioner-appellant, v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, Respondent-appellee
359 F.3d 356	Jan 28, 2004	Fifth	United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Wesley Joseph Slanina, Also Known As Wesley J. Slanina, Defendant-appellant
359 F.3d 358	Jan 30, 2004	Fifth	Air Liquide America Corporation; Egp Fuels Company; Equilon Pipeline Company, Llc; Exxon Pipeline Company; Florida Gas Transmission Company; Houston Pipe Line Co.; Hsc Pipeline Partnership Lp; Mobil Chemical Company, an Unincorporated Division of Mobil Oil Corporation; Mobil Pipeline Company; Seadrift Pipeline Corporation; Te Products Pipeline Company Limited Partnership; Texas Eastern Transmission Corp.; Ucar Pipeline Incorporated; Chevron Chemical Co.; Chevron Pipeline Co.; Dynegy Midstream Services; Teppco Crude Oil Llc, Plaintiffs-counter Defendants-appellees-cross-appellants,duke Energy Transport and Trading Company, Plaintiff-counter Defendant-appellee,air Products Incorporated; Air Products Manufacturing Corporation; Black Marlin Pipeline Company; Tejas Ship Channel Llc; Tejas South Pipeline Partnership, Intervenor Plaintiffs-appellees-cross-appellants, v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Defendant-counter Claimant-appellant-cross-appellee,port of Houston Authority of Harris County, Texas, Movant-appellan
359 F.3d 366	Feb 12, 2004	Fifth	Edward R. Drury, Plaintiff-appellant, v. United States Army Corps of Engineers; et al., Defendants,jim Smith Contracting Company Inc., Defendant-appellee
359 F.3d 369	Oct 24, 2003	Sixth	United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Terry L. Peveler, Defendant-appellant
359 F.3d 379	Oct 31, 2003	Sixth	James Bultema, Plaintiff-appellant, v. United States of America, Defendant-appellee
359 F.3d 386	Feb 05, 2004	Sixth	Daniel P. Kiely, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Heartland Rehabilitation Services, Inc., and Health Care and Retirement Corporation, D/b/a Georgian Bloomfield, Defendants-appellees
359 F.3d 392	Feb 05, 2004	Sixth	Marion Montez, Administratrix of the Estate of Tracy Hearlson, Plaintiff-appellant, v. United States of America, Defendant-appellee
359 F.3d 399	Sep 17, 2003	Sixth	James Kellner and Lauri Kellner, Individually and As Next Kin of Michael W. Kellner, Deceased; Lauri Kellner, Individually and As Natural Parent and Next of Kin of Shawn June, a Minor, Plaintiffs-appellants, v. Budget Car and Truck Rental, Inc., et al.; Comcar Industries, Inc., A/k/a M.d. Transport Systems, Inc., Defendants,clay Hyder Trucking Lines, Inc.; M.d. Transport Systems, Inc.; John Zaffer, Administrator of the Estate of Christopher N. Zaffer, Defendants-appellees
359 F.3d 408	Feb 04, 2004	Sixth	Angelina Miguel, Petitioner, v. Immigration and Naturalization Service, Respondent
359 F.3d 412	Dec 04, 2003	Sixth	United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Ryan E. Lee, Defendant-appellant
359 F.3d 420	Oct 30, 2003	Sixth	United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Richard Cole, Iii; Jonathan Johnson, Defendants-appellants
359 F.3d 432	Jul 31, 2003	Sixth	United Food & Commerical Workers Local 1099; Judy Bishop; Doug Burgstaller; Jeff Crider; Ray Evans, Iii; Bonnie France; Chad Helmlinger; Leah Helmlinger; Tonya Mccoy; Bryon O'neal; Jeff Osting; Keith Robinson; Jessica Sagraves, Plaintiffs-appellants, v. City of Sidney; Michael Puckett; Steven B. Wearly; Sidney City Schools; Steve Miller; Kevin O'leary, Defendants-appellees.wal-mart Stores, Inc.; John Waters; Greg Franks, Defendants
359 F.3d 448	Jan 23, 2004	Seventh	Abraham v. Sonii and Rufus Jones, Plaintiffs-appellants, v. General Electric Company, Defendant-appellee
359 F.3d 451	Dec 04, 2003	Seventh	Kristy Spurgin-dienst, Executor of the Estate of Terry A. Spurgin, Deceased, and Linda J. Bauer, As Executor of the Estate of John H. Bauer, Deceased, and As Executor of the Estate of William H. Bauer Iii, Deceased, Plaintiffs-appellants, v. United States of America, Defendant-appellee
359 F.3d 457	Sep 05, 2003	Seventh	United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Dapo Adeyeye, Defendant-appellant
359 F.3d 463	Jan 07, 2004	Seventh	United States of America, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Thomas E. Sienkowski, Defendant-appellee
359 F.3d 470	Nov 07, 2003	Seventh	United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Michael E. Thompson, Defendant-appellant
359 F.3d 481	Sep 04, 2003	Seventh	Robert Steinhauer, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Laura Degolier and State of Wisconsin, Defendants-appellees
359 F.3d 489	Jan 21, 2004	Seventh	James A. Shula, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Paul D. Lawent and J. v. D.b. Associates, Inc., Defendants-appellants
359 F.3d 493	Oct 23, 2003	Seventh	Indiana Bell Telephone Company, Inc., Plaintiff-appellee, v. Indiana Utility Regulatory Commission, William D. Mccarty, David E. Ziegner, in Their Capacity As Commissioners of the Indiana Utility Regulatory Commission and Not As Individuals, Defendants-appellants, Andat & T Communications, Inc. and Worldcom, Inc., Intervening Defendants-appellants, Andindiana Office of Utility Consumer Counselor, Intervening Appellant
359 F.3d 498	Nov 06, 2003	Seventh	Donna M. Rhodes, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Illinois Department of Transportation, Defendant-appellee
359 F.3d 510	Oct 22, 2003	Seventh	Anthony Riccardo, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Larry Rausch, Defendant-appellant
359 F.3d 523	Jan 09, 2004	DC	In Re: James M. Tennant, Petitioner
359 F.3d 531	Jan 12, 2004	DC	Secretary of Labor, Petitioner, v. Ohio Valley Coal Company and Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission, Respondents
359 F.3d 536	Jan 16, 2004	DC	Margene Bullcreek, et al., Petitioners, v. Nuclear Regulatory Commission and United States of America, Respondents.private Fuel Storage, L.l.c. and Skull Valley Band of Goshute Indians, Intervenors
359 F.3d 544	Nov 18, 2003	DC	United States of America, Appellee, v. Derrick J. Heard, Appellant
359 F.3d 554	Jan 28, 2004	DC	United States Telecom Association, Petitioner, v. Federal Communications Commission and United States of America, Respondents.bell Atlantic Telephone Companies, et al., Intervenors
359 F.3d 595	Sep 18, 2003	DC	United We Stand America, Inc., et al., Appellants, v. Internal Revenue Service, Appellee
359 F.3d 609	Nov 17, 2003	DC	United States of America, Appellee, v. Gerald F. Whitmore, Appellant
359 F.3d 624	Feb 17, 2004	DC	Lakes Pilots Association, Inc., Appellant, v. United States Coast Guard and Thomas J. Ridge, Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security, Appellees
359 F.3d 627	Nov 24, 2003	Second	Patrick Di Benedetto, Sandra Di Benedetto, Plaintiffs-appellants, v. Pan Am World Service, Inc., Defendants-cross-claimant-appellee,pan American World Airways, Inc., Alert Management Systems, Inc., Defendants-cross-defendants-appellees.aeroflot Soviet Airlines, Defendant-cross-claimant-appellee
359 F.3d 627	Mar 02, 2004	First	United States of America, Appellee, v. Winston Cunningham, Defendant, Appellant
359 F.3d 627	Mar 02, 2004	First	United States of America, Appellee v. Winston Cunningham, Defendant, Appellant
359 F.3d 631	Dec 11, 2003	Third	United States of America v. Scott Hayward, Appellant
359 F.3d 646	Jun 26, 2003	Third	Charles Thomas Lewis, Appellant v. Philip L. Johnson, Superintendent, Sci-pittsburgh; Mike Fisher, Attorney General of Pennsylvania, Appellees
359 F.3d 662	Oct 31, 2003	Fourth	United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Tyrone Smith, Jr., Defendant-appellant
359 F.3d 666	Mar 04, 2004	Fourth	United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Clifford J. Quinn, Defendant-appellant.united States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Jan P. Blanton, Defendant-appellant
359 F.3d 683	Jan 23, 2004	Fourth	United States of America, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Robert Nelson May, Defendant-appellee
359 F.3d 695	Jan 23, 2004	Fourth	Saber A. Idias, D/b/a Nashville Supermarket, Plaintiff-appellant, v. United States of America; Daniel Glickman, Secretary, Department of Agriculture, in His Official Capacity As Secretary of the United States Department of Agriculture, Defendants-appellees
359 F.3d 699	Dec 04, 2003	Fourth	Jth Tax, Incorporated, D/b/a Liberty Tax Service; Thomas Bennett, D/b/a Liberty Tax Service; Jama Corleto, D/b/a Liberty Tax Service; Charles Dawson, D/b/a Liberty Tax Service; Landstown Preschool, Incorporated, D/b/a Liberty Tax Service; James Forguson, D/b/a Liberty Tax Service; Ann Marie Forguson, D/b/a Liberty Tax Service; a & J Tax Service, D/b/a Liberty Tax Service; Annette Hobbs, D/b/a Liberty Tax Service; Donnie Hobbs, D/b/a Liberty Tax Service; Danda, Incorporated, D/b/a Liberty Tax Service; Vincent Jackson, D/b/a Liberty Tax Service; Daniel Lepkowski, D/b/a Liberty Tax Service; Freedom Tax, Incorporated, D/b/a Liberty Tax Service; Charles Lovelace, D/b/a Liberty Tax Service; Creative Management Systems, Incorporated, D/b/a Liberty Tax Service; Kathleen Ponte, D/b/a Liberty Tax Service; John Seal, D/b/a Liberty Tax Service; Marcia Seal, D/b/a Liberty Tax Service; Jms Tax, Incorporated, D/b/a Liberty Tax Service; Syed Sherazi, D/b/a Liberty Tax Service; B & L Investment,incorporated, D/b/a Liberty Tax
359 F.3d 708	Feb 04, 2004	Fifth	Jasen Shane Busby, Petitioner-appellant, v. Doug Dretke, Director, Texas Department of Criminal Justice, Correctional Institutions Division, Respondent-appellee
359 F.3d 727	Feb 04, 2004	Fifth	United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. City of Jackson, Mississippi, Defendant-appellant
359 F.3d 738	Feb 04, 2004	Fifth	United States of America, Plaintiff-appellant, v. David Kay; Douglas Murphy, Defendants-appellees
359 F.3d 764	Feb 09, 2004	Fifth	John Henry Pelt; Janice Pelt, Plaintiffs-counter Defendants-appellants, v. U.S. Bank Trust National Association, Formerly Known As First Trust Bank National Association, As Trustee Under the Pooling and Service Agreement, New Century Home Equity Loan Trust, Series 1998-nc7, Defendant-counter Claimant-appellee,new Century Mortgage Corporation, Defendant-appellee
359 F.3d 770	Feb 10, 2004	Fifth	Valmont Energy Steel, Inc. and Valmont Microflect, Inc., Plaintiffs-appellees, v. Commercial Union Insurance Co. and Cu Lloyd's of Texas, Defendants-appellants
359 F.3d 777	Feb 10, 2004	Fifth	The Houston Exploration Company, Plaintiff-appellee-cross-appellant, v. Halliburton Energy Services, Inc., Defendant-appellant-cross-appellee
359 F.3d 782	Feb 19, 2004	Fifth	Mae Louise Victor, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Grand Casino-coushatta; Coushatta Tribe of Louisiana; and Grand Casinos of Louisiana, Inc.-coushatta, Defendants-appellants
359 F.3d 785	Sep 10, 2003	Sixth	Gary Bradford Cone, Petitioner-appellant, v. Ricky Bell, Warden, Respondent-appellee
359 F.3d 806	Oct 31, 2003	Sixth	Lucas Nursery and Landscaping, Inc., Plaintiff-appellant, v. Michelle Grosse, Defendant-appellee
359 F.3d 811	Jan 12, 2004	Sixth	In Re Lewis Williams, Jr., Petitioner-appellant
359 F.3d 820	Sep 19, 2003	Sixth	United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Robert A. Meyer, Defendant-appellant
359 F.3d 830	Oct 29, 2003	Sixth	Brandywine, Inc. D/b/a Expressway Video and Gary R. Sewell, Plaintiffs-appellants, v. City of Richmond, Kentucky, Defendant-appellee
359 F.3d 839	Oct 21, 2003	Sixth	United States of America, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Edward Dominguez, Defendant-appellee
359 F.3d 846	Dec 11, 2003	Sixth	Standard Construction Co., Inc., Plaintiff-appellee, v. Maryland Casualty Co. and Northern Insurance Co. of New York, Defendants-appellants
359 F.3d 855	Jan 23, 2004	Seventh	Timothy Melton, Petitioner-appellant, v. United States of America, Respondent-appellee
359 F.3d 858	Jan 07, 2004	Seventh	Thomas Adams, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Richard Catrambone and Great Lakes Building Materials, Inc., Defendants-appellees
359 F.3d 866	Jan 22, 2004	Seventh	In the Matter Of: Kmart Corporation, Debtor-appellantadditional Intervening Appellants: Knight-ridder, Inc.; Handleman Company; Irving Pulp & Paper, Limited
359 F.3d 874	Apr 18, 2003	Seventh	United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Nathaniel Saunders, Defendant-appellant
359 F.3d 879	Feb 13, 2004	Seventh	United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Ramon Toro, Defendant-appellant
359 F.3d 885	Jan 14, 2004	Seventh	Thomas Mattson, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Caterpillar, Inc., Defendant-appellee
359 F.3d 892	Sep 18, 2002	Seventh	Helen Mihailovich, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Gary Laatsch and Law Office of Pavalon, Gifford, Laatsch & Marino, Defendants-appellees
359 F.3d 921	Dec 17, 2003	Seventh	United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Sammy Jones, Jr., Defendant-appellant
359 F.3d 925	Oct 29, 2003	Seventh	Robert Foley and Patricia Foley, Plaintiffs-appellants, v. City of Lafayette, Indiana, and Fred Taylor, Defendants-appellees